圖書簡介：
本書以國際貿(mào)易流程為基礎(chǔ)框架，包含了緒論、國際貿(mào)易術(shù)語、商品描述、貨物運輸、貨物運輸保險、商品價格、支付工具、支付方式、索賠與不可抗力、談判與磋商、進出口合同的履行以及國際貿(mào)易方式等主要內(nèi)容。
本書既適合高等院校商務(wù)英語、國際貿(mào)易等涉外專業(yè)的本�？平虒W(xué)，也可作為對外貿(mào)感興趣的讀者的自學(xué)用書。
前 言
“國際貿(mào)易實務(wù)”是我國普通高等院校涉外經(jīng)濟專業(yè)的一門專業(yè)基礎(chǔ)課程。隨著我國經(jīng)濟的飛速發(fā)展以及全球經(jīng)濟一體化進程的加速，社會對于兼?zhèn)鋵I(yè)知識和英語能力的復(fù)合型人才的需求急劇增加。面對這種變化，我國高等院校的教學(xué)環(huán)境也隨之產(chǎn)生巨變，學(xué)科體系、教學(xué)措施和教學(xué)手段也不斷完善和創(chuàng)新。2007年，教育部正式批準成立“商務(wù)英語”專業(yè)，用英語教授商務(wù)專業(yè)課程已成為一種必然的趨勢。隨著改革開放進程的加快，我國對外貿(mào)易的限制不斷取消，并正逐步與國際接軌。在這個過程中，我國的外貿(mào)實務(wù)操作有其自身的特色，如一些特定的環(huán)節(jié)、行業(yè)規(guī)范和法律法規(guī)等。因此，該課程的教學(xué)不能完全依賴于外文原版教材的引進，我們需要編寫適合本土教學(xué)需要的英文版國際貿(mào)易實務(wù)教材。
本書以國際貿(mào)易流程為基礎(chǔ)框架，包含了緒論、國際貿(mào)易術(shù)語、商品描述、貨物運輸、貨物運輸保險、商品價格、支付工具、支付方式、索賠和不可抗力、談判與磋商、進出口合同的履行以及國際貿(mào)易方式等內(nèi)容。本書強調(diào)學(xué)以致用，具有較強的實踐性、實用性和可操作性，適合各高校商務(wù)英語、國際貿(mào)易等涉外專業(yè)的本�？平虒W(xué)以及對外貿(mào)有興趣的讀者自學(xué)。本書具有如下特點：
(1) 全面性及系統(tǒng)性。本書系統(tǒng)介紹了進出口貿(mào)易的整個流程，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，內(nèi)容全面，語言淺顯易懂。
(2) 新穎性和翔實性。教材融入了國際貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域的最新發(fā)展與變化，如反映了INCOTERMS 2010在國際貿(mào)易術(shù)語解釋方面的新內(nèi)容，2012年財政部、國家稅務(wù)總局聯(lián)合下發(fā)通知調(diào)整的相關(guān)出口退(免)稅政策。2012年8月1日起，取消出口收匯核銷單，出口退稅由原來的兩單兩票調(diào)整為一單兩票，這在第11章中也及時加以增補。本書的內(nèi)容力圖體現(xiàn)與時俱進的精神。
(3) 提供開篇案例或新聞導(dǎo)讀。教材的每一章都以一個引人入勝的案例或財經(jīng)新聞開篇，從而提高讀者的閱讀興趣，提升學(xué)習(xí)效果。
(4) 引導(dǎo)對疑難問題的思考。將每章的重點、難點、熱點問題提出并展開闡述，并配上相應(yīng)的中文批注，使讀者在學(xué)習(xí)掌握每章各知識點時做到重點突出，內(nèi)容層次清晰，以提高學(xué)習(xí)效率，同時解決課時不足或自學(xué)困難等問題。
(5) 實踐性和可操作性。在各章節(jié)適當(dāng)位置配上相關(guān)的案例、流程圖、合同條款以及法律條文和慣例，同時，在每章節(jié)的末尾配上相應(yīng)的練習(xí)，以增強本書的實踐性和可操作性。
參加本書編寫的有盧立偉(第1章、第7章、第8章、第9章)、王芬(第4章、第6章)、楊婷(第2章、第5章)、蔡靜(第10章、第12章)、陳逢丹(第3章、第11章)等。本書由盧立偉和王芬任主編，楊婷、蔡靜、陳逢丹任副主編。
本書編寫過程中參閱了近年來國內(nèi)外相關(guān)學(xué)者的研究成果，參考文獻僅反映了其中的主要部分，恕不能一一答謝。本書是集體努力的成果，受編者學(xué)識所限，難免有不足之處，希望廣大讀者和同行多多批評指正。
編 者目 錄
Chapter 1 General Introduction to
International Trade 1
1.1 What Is International Trade 3
1.2 The Importance of International Trade 3
1.2.1 International Trade Restrictions 4
1.2.2 Differences Between International Trade and Domestic Trade 4
1.3 World Trade Organization 5
1.3.1 Overview 5
1.3.2 Functions of the WTO 6
1.3.3 Basic Principles 6
1.3.4 Missions 6
1.3.5 Formal Structure 7
1.4 Main Procedure of International Trade 9
1.4.1 Basic Procedure of Export 9
1.4.2 Basic Procedure of Import 12
1.5 Relative International Practice and
Laws 13
1.6 Overview of Contract 15
1.6.1 The Functions of a Written
Contract 15
1.6.2 The Essential Features of a
Legally Binding Contract 16
1.6.3 The General Contents of a Sales
Contract 16
1.7 Overview of This Book 18
Key Terms and Words 20
Exercises 20
Chapter 2 International Trade Terms 22
2.1 Introduction to Trade Terms 24
2.1.1 Warsaw-Oxford Rules 1932 24
2.1.2 Revised American Foreign Trade
Definitions 1941 26
2.1.3 International Commercial
Terms 28
2.2 Introduction to Incoterms 2010 29
2.3 Incoterms 2000 vs. Incoterms 2010 54
2.4 Incoterms and Contract 64
2.5 Choice of Trade Terms 65
Key Terms and Words 66
Exercises 67
Chapter 3 Terms of Commodity 70
3.1 Name of Commodity 72
3.1.1 Commodity Naming Methods 72
3.1.2 HS Code 73
3.1.3 Name Clauses in the Contract 73
3.2 Quality of Commodity 74
3.2.1 Quality Stipulation Methods 75
3.2.2 Quality Latitude and Quality
Tolerance 81
3.2.3 Quality Clauses in the
Contract 82
3.3 Quantity of Commodity 82
3.3.1 Unit of Measurement 83
3.3.2 Calculation of weight 85
3.3.3 Quantity Allowance Clauses 87
3.3.4 Quantity Clauses in the
Contract 88
3.4 Packing of Commodity 89
3.4.1 Transport Packing 90
3.4.2 Sales Packing 96
3.4.3 Neutral Packing and
Designated Brand 98
3.4.4 Packing Clauses in
the Contract 98
Key Terms and Words 101
Exercises 102
Chapter 4 International Cargo
Transport 106
4.1 Containerization 108
4.1.1 Features of Container
Transportation 109
4.1.2 Types of Container 109
4.1.3 Freight of Container
Transportation 110
4.2 Modes of Transportation 112
4.2.1 Marine Transport 112
4.2.2 Air Transportation 125
4.2.3 Railway Transportation 126
4.2.4 International Multi-modal
Transport 126
4.2.5 Land Bridge Transport 127
4.2.6 Postal Transport 127
4.2.7 Pipelines Transport 127
4.3 Shipment Clauses in sales Contract 128
4.3.1 Time of Shipment and Time of
Delivery 128
4.3.2 Port of Shipment and Port of
Destination 129
4.3.3 Shipping Advice 130
4.3.4 Partial Shipment and
Transshipment 130
4.3.5 Lay Time, Demurrage and
Dispatch 131
Key Terms and Words 133
Exercises 133
Chapter 5 International Cargo Transport
Insurance 136
5.1 Principles of Cargo Insurance 138
5.1.1 Principle of Insurable
Interest 138
5.1.2 Principle of Utmost
Good Faith 138
5.1.3 Principle of Indemnity 139
5.1.4 Principle of Proximate
Cause 140
5.2 The Definition of Insurance 140
5.3 Parties to the insurance 141
5.3.1 Insurer 141
5.3.2 Insured 142
5.3.3 Brokers 142
5.4 Marine Insurance 142
5.4.1 Risks 143
5.4.2 Losses 143
5.4.3 Expenses 145
5.5 Scope of Insurance Coverage 146
5.5.1 Basic Coverage 147
5.5.2 Additional Risks 148
5.6 Coverage of Marine Cargo
Insurance of ICC 152
5.6.1 Institute Cargo Clauses A 152
5.6.2 Institute Cargo Clauses B 153
5.6.3 Institute Cargo Clauses C 153
5.6.4 Major Exclusion 155
5.7 Procedures of Marine Insurance 155
5.7.1 Gather Information 155
5.7.2 Choose the Insurance
Coverage 156
5.7.3 Get Quotes 156
5.7.4 Pay the Insurance Premium 156
5.7.5 Purchase the Insurance
Policy 157
5.7.6 Lodge an Insurance Claim 158
5.8 Insurance Clauses in Contract 159
Key Terms and Words 161
Exercises 162
Chapter 6 Price of Goods 165
6.1 Price Elements 167
6.1.1 Pricing Principles 167
6.1.2 Pricing Consideration 168
6.1.3 Pricing Methods 169
6.1.4 Pricing Composition 172
6.1.5 Currency Option 174
6.2 Calculation of ?Price 175
6.3 Export Cost Accounting 177
6.4 Commission and Discount 178
6.4.1 Price Including Commission 179
6.4.2 Price with discount 179
6.5 Price Clause in Sales Contract 180
Key Terms and Words 181
Exercises 181
Chapter 7 Credit Instruments 183
7.1 Summary of Instruments 185
7.1.1 Definition of Instruments 185
7.1.2 Essential Features of Negotiable
Instruments 185
7.1.3 Functions of Negotiable
Instruments 186
7.1.4 The Legal System of
Instruments 187
7.2 Bill of Exchange (Draft, Bill) 189
7.2.1 Definition of Bill of
Exchange 189
7.2.2 Contents of a Bill of
Exchange 190
7.2.3 The Acts of Bills of
Exchange 193
7.2.4 The Classification of
the Drawer 197
7.2.5 The Order of Making
Recourse 199
7.3 Promissory Note 199
7.3.1 Definition of Promissory
note 199
7.3.2 The Definition from the Negotiable
Instruments Law of the People’s
Republic of China 200
7.3.3 The Key Elements in the
Promissory Note 200
7.3.4 Classification of Promissory
Notes 201
7.3.5 Differences Between a Promissory
Note and a Bill of Exchange 201
7.4 Check (Cheque) 202
7.4.1 Definition of Check 202
7.4.2 Classification of Check 203
7.4.3 Differences Between a Check and
a Bill of Exchange 203
Key Terms and Words 204
Exercises 204
Chapter 8 International Payment and
Settlement 208
8.1 Remittance 210
8.1.1 The Definition of
Remittance 210
8.1.2 Parties to an Remittance 210
8.1.3 The Classification of
Remittance 211
8.1.4 Reimbursement of
Remittance Cover 214
8.1.5 Cancel the Remittance or
Refund the Imbursement 215
8.1.6 The Application of Remittance in
International trade 216
8.2 Collection 217
8.2.1 Definition of Collection 219
8.2.2 Nature of Collection 219
8.2.3 Procedure of Documentary
Collection 219
8.2.4 The Involved Parties in
Collection 220
8.2.5 Types of Collection 220
8.2.6 The Property, Advantages and
Disadvantages 223
8.2.7 The Rules of Uniform Rules for
Collections 522 (URC522) 223
8.2.8 Points for Attention for
Collection 224
8.2.9 Risk and Protection for Exporters
and Importers 224
8.2.10 Financing under the
Collection 225
8.3 The Letter of Credit 227
8.3.1 The definition of L/C 227
8.3.2 Parties to a Letter of Credit 228
8.3.3 The Procedure of Credit L/C 230
8.3.4 Characteristics of a Letter of
Credit 238
8.3.5 The Use of a Letter of Credit 238
8.3.6 Contents of a Letter of
Credit 239
8.3.7 The Varieties of Documentary
Credit 240
8.3.8 Other Special Credits 244
8.3.9 Combined Use of Different
Methods of Payment 248
Key Terms and Words 250
Exercises 252
Chapter 9 Inspection, Claims, Force
Majeure and Arbitration 260
9.1 Inspection 262
9.1.1 The Implication of Commodity
Inspection 263
9.1.2 The Importance of Commodity
Inspection 263
9.1.3 Import and Export Commodity
Inspection 264
9.1.4 Time and Place of
Inspection 264
9.1.5 Inspection Standard 266
9.1.6 Inspection Certificate 267
9.1.7 Inspection Clause 268
9.1.8 Inspection procedures 268
9.2 Claim 269
9.2.1 Breach of Contract 271
9.2.2 Liabilities of Breach of
Contract 271
9.2.3 Valid Term for Claim 272
9.3 Force Majeure 273
9.3.1 Definition of Force Majeure 273
9.3.2 Features of Force Majeure 273
9.3.3 Consequences of Force
Majeure 274
9.3.4 Force Majeure Clause 274
9.4 Arbitration 276
9.4.1 The Definition of Arbitration 276
9.4.2 Characteristics of Arbitration 277
9.4.3 Arbitration Clauses 277
Key Terms and Words 280
Exercise 280
Chapter 10 Business Negotiation and
Establishment of
Contract 283
10.1 The General Process of Business
Negotiation 285
10.2 Enquiry 287
10.2.1 Types of Enquiry 287
10.2.2 Guidelines for Writing Enquiries
and Replies 288
10.3 Offer 289
10.3.1 The Meaning of an Offer 289
10.3.2 Types of an Offer 289
10.3.3 Four Necessary Conditions of
a Firm Offer 291
10.3.4 Time of Validity or Duration of
an Offer 292
10.3.5 Withdrawal or Revocation of
an Offer 294
10.3.6 Termination of an Offer 294
10.4 Counter-offer 295
10.5 Acceptance 296
10.5.1 The Meaning of
Acceptance 296
10.5.2 Effective Time of
Acceptance 297
10.5.3 Late Acceptance 297
10.5.4 Withdrawal of Acceptance 298
10.6 Conclusion of Contract 299
10.6.1 Necessary Conditions of
an Effective Contract 299
10.6.2 Forms of a Written
Contract 299
10.6.3 Structure of a Written
Contract 299
Key Terms and Words 306
Exercises 307
Chapter 11 Exporting and Importing
Procedures 311
11.1 Exporting Procedures 314
11.1.1 Preparation Stage of Export
Contract 315
11.1.2 Negotiation Stage of Export
Contract 317
11.1.3 Performance Stage of Export
Contract 320
11.2 Importing Procedures 343
11.2.1 Preparation Stage of Import
Contract 344
11.2.2 Negotiation Stage of Import
Contract 346
11.2.3 Performance Stage of Import
Contract 347
Key Terms and Words 355
Exercises 356
Chapter 12 Modes of International
Trade 358
12.1 Agency and Distribution 359
12.1.1 Agency 359
12.1.2 Distribution 360
12.2 Consignment 361
12.2.1 Definition 361
12.2.2 Features 361
12.2.3 The Advantages and Disadvantages
of consignment 362
12.3 Tenders and Auction 363
12.3.1 Tenders 363
12.3.2 Auction 365
12.4 Counter Trade 366
12.4.1 Main Reasons Why Counter Trade
is Employed 366
12.4.2 Specific Forms of Counter
Trade 367
12.5 Futures Trading 369
12.5.1 Introduction to Futures
Trading 369
12.5.2 Main Types of Futures
Traders 371
12.5.3 Danger of Futures Trading 372
12.6 E-commerce 372
12.6.1 Definition of E-commerce 373
12.6.2 Types of E-commerce 374
12.6.3 Benefits of E-commerce 376
12.6.4 Limitations of E-commerce 377
12.6.5 Tips for Running a successful
E-commerce Business 378
12.6.6 The Future of E-commerce 379
Key Terms and Words 380
Exercises 381
References 382
